IT发展历史上最重要的技术发明成果一览表

文本信息处理（Text String Processing）

Telegraph 1844
Transcontental Telegraph 1861
Typewriter 1885 Linotype Typesetter 1888 Teletype 1920
Telex 1948
Electric Typewriter 1952
Computer Line Printer 1965
Electronic Type Setter
Selectric Typewriter 1967
Daisy Wheel Printer 1972
Dot Matrix Printer 1978
Laser Printer 1984
InkJet Printer 1984
PostScript Page Layout Language 1985

图像处理（Image Processing）

Photography 1840
Mathew Brady Photos of Civil War 1861-1865
Facsimile Image Transmission 1871
Electromechanical Image Transmission (Nipkov Disk) 1895
All Electronic Image Transmission 1928
Modern Black & White Television (RCA) 1936
Consumer Color Photographic Film (Kodak) 1936
Color Television Transmission (RCA) 1953
Patent granted for See, Hear, Smell Helmet 1957
Tape Recording of Television Signal (Ampex) 1958
Color Ink Jet Printer 1986 Thermal Transfer Color Printer 1987

声音处理（Sound Processing）

Mechanical Phonograph (Edison) 1870
Telephone (Bell) 1876
Transcontental Phone Service 1914
Commercial AM Radio Broadcast 1915
Commercial fm Broadcast 1928
Stereo FM Broadcast 1949
LP Record 33-1/3 rpm 1952
Home Tape Recorder 1956
Compact Disk (digital recording) 1982
Macintosh II with Digital Sound 1989
Sound Blaster Digital Sound for PC 1989

计算与控制（Computation and Control）

Governor for Steam Engine 1790
Jacquard Loom 1802
Hollerith Punched Cards 1890
COLLSUS Code Breaking Computer
EINIAC Electronic Computer 1945
General Useage of IBM Commercial Systems 1955
Altair Computer/Microsoft Founded 1975
Apple I Computer 1976
IBM Personal Computer 1981
Apple Macintosh 1984
IBM PC AT 286 Computer 1985
Intel 386 Based Systems 1988
Intel 486 Based Systems 1992
Mosaic Web Brouser
Apple Power PC 1993
Intel Pentium Systems 1994
Netscape Web Brouser

Computer History Year/Enter	Computer History Inventors/Inventions	Computer History Description of Event
1936	Konrad Zuse - Z1 Computer	First freely programmable computer.
1942	John Atanasoff & Clifford Berry ABC Computer	Who was first in the computing biz is not always as easy as ABC.
1944	Howard Aiken & Grace Hopper Harvard Mark I Computer	The Harvard Mark 1 computer.
1946	John Presper Eckert & John W. Mauchly ENIAC 1 Computer	20,000 vacuum tubes later...
1948	Frederic Williams & Tom Kilburn Manchester Baby Computer & The Williams Tube	Baby and the Williams Tube turn on the memories.
1947/48	John Bardeen, Walter Brattain & Wiliam Shockley The Transistor	No, a transistor is not a computer, but this invention greatly affected the history of computers.
1951	John Presper Eckert & John W. Mauchly UNIVAC Computer	First commercial computer & able to pick presidential winners.
1953	International Business Machines IBM 701 EDPM Computer	IBM enters into ’The History of Computers’.
1954	John Backus & IBM  FORTRAN Computer Programming Language	The first successful high level programming language.
1958	Jack Kilby & Robert Noyce The Integrated Circuit	Otherwise known as ’The Chip’
1962	Steve Russell & MIT Spacewar Computer Game	The first computer game invented.
1964	Douglas Engelbart Computer Mouse & Windows	Nicknamed the mouse because the tail came out the end.
1969	ARPAnet	The original Internet.
1970	Intel 1103 Computer Memory	The world’s first available dynamic RAM chip.
1971	Faggin, Hoff & Mazor Intel 4004 Computer Microprocessor	The first microprocessor.
1971	Alan Shugart &IBM The "Floppy" Disk	Nicknamed the "Floppy" for its flexibility.
1973	Robert Metcalfe & Xerox The Ethernet Computer Networking	Networking.
1974/75	Scelbi  & Mark-8 Altair & IBM 5100 Computers	The first consumer computers.
1976/77	Apple I, II & TRS-80 & Commodore Pet Computers	More first consumer computers.
1978	Dan Bricklin & Bob Frankston VisiCalc Spreadsheet Software	Any product that pays for itself in two weeks is a surefire winner.
1979	Seymour Rubenstein & Rob Barnaby WordStar Software	Word Processors.
1981	IBM The IBM PC - Home Computer	From an "Acorn" grows a personal computer revolution
1981	Microsoft MS-DOS Computer Operating System	From "Quick And Dirty" comes the operating system of the century.
1983	Apple Lisa Computer	The first home computer with a GUI, graphical user interface.
1984	Apple MacIntosh Computer	The more affordable home computer with a GUI.
1985	Microsoft Windows	Microsoft begins the friendly war with Apple.